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Enjoy, avoid, and the verbs taking -ing.
Why you specifically
Trong tiếng Anh, một số động từ phải đi với động từ thêm -ing (gerund), không dùng to + động từ nguyên mẫu. Ví dụ: enjoy reading, avoid eating, finish doing, suggest going, admit stealing. Đây là lỗi rất hay gặp với người Việt vì trong tiếng Việt sau các từ như “thích”, “tránh”, “gợi ý”, “xong” thường dùng động từ khá tự nhiên, nhưng trong tiếng Anh phải nhớ đúng mẫu đi kèm của từng động từ. Với nhóm này, hãy học cả cụm: enjoy doing, avoid doing, suggest doing, admit doing, finish doing. Điều quan trọng là phải phân biệt với verb + infinitive. Verb + infinitive dùng to + động từ: want to go, decide to study, hope to pass. Còn verb + gerund dùng động từ thêm -ing: enjoy going, avoid eating, suggest studying. Không được đổi lẫn hai mẫu này. Ngoài ra, có một số cặp đặc biệt đổi nghĩa theo cấu trúc, ví dụ stop smoking nghĩa là bỏ hút thuốc, còn stop to smoke nghĩa là dừng lại để hút thuốc. Hai câu này đều đúng nhưng nghĩa khác nhau.
The rule
Many English verbs are followed by a gerund, which is the -ing form used as the object of the verb. Common examples are enjoy, avoid, finish, dislike, admit, suggest, mind, and consider: enjoy reading, avoid eating, finish working, suggest going. After these verbs, the infinitive with to is usually wrong: we say I enjoy reading, not I enjoy to read. This point is especially important for Vietnamese learners because Vietnamese often uses a verb form that looks closer to a bare verb or an action phrase, so the English -ing pattern must be memorized with each verb. Some verbs change meaning with an infinitive, but this lesson is about verbs that take gerund forms. For contrast, verb + infinitive means patterns like want to go, decide to study, hope to pass. Those verbs are different from the verbs in this lesson. Also remember the meaning contrast in pairs like stop smoking vs stop to smoke: both are correct, but they mean different things.
Both correct
Every sentence here is correct English. Only the meaning changes.
She stopped smoking.
She quit the habit completely.
She stopped to smoke.
She paused what she was doing in order to smoke.
The trap
I enjoy to read books in my free time.
I enjoy reading books in my free time.
Enjoy is followed by a gerund, not an infinitive. In English we say enjoy doing something, not enjoy to do something.
She avoids to eat too much sugar.
She avoids eating too much sugar.
Avoid is followed by a gerund. The verb after avoid should be in -ing form.
He admitted to break the window.
He admitted breaking the window.
Admit is followed by a gerund, not an infinitive. The -ing form is the correct pattern here.
They suggested to go by train.
They suggested going by train.
Suggest is followed by a gerund. We use suggest doing something, not suggest to do something.
Prove it
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