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Formal fronted prepositions versus informal trailing ones.
Why you specifically
Mệnh đề quan hệ với giới từ có hai kiểu chính. Trong tiếng Anh trang trọng, giới từ có thể đứng trước đại từ quan hệ: the house in which I grew up, the person to whom I spoke, the company for which she works. Kiểu này rất hay gặp trong văn viết và trong bài IELTS khi cần giọng văn formal. Khi giới từ đứng trước, chúng ta thường dùng whom cho người và which cho vật/sự việc. Ví dụ: to whom, with whom, in which, on which. Trong tiếng Anh thân mật hơn, giới từ thường đứng ở cuối mệnh đề: the house which I grew up in, the person who I spoke to, the company which she works for. Cả hai kiểu đều đúng, nhưng kiểu đưa giới từ lên trước nghe trang trọng hơn. Người học tiếng Việt thường bị ảnh hưởng bởi cấu trúc dịch từng từ nên dễ bỏ giới từ, hoặc dùng sai who/whom, hoặc dùng that sau giới từ. Cần nhớ rằng sau giới từ đặt trước đại từ quan hệ, ta không dùng that.
The rule
Relative clauses with prepositions have two main patterns. In formal English, the preposition can come before the relative pronoun: the house in which I grew up, the person to whom I spoke, the company for which she works. This is common in writing and more formal speaking. When the preposition comes first, the pronoun is usually whom for people and which for things. However, in informal English, the preposition often stays at the end of the clause: the house which I grew up in, the person who I spoke to, the company which she works for. Both patterns can be correct, but the fronted-preposition form is more formal. Do not drop the preposition or use who after a fronted preposition. Also note that that is generally not used after a fronted preposition.
The trap
The house which I grew up in is near the river.
The house in which I grew up is near the river.
In formal English, the preposition can be placed before the relative pronoun in a relative clause. This is especially common in writing.
The person to who I spoke was very helpful.
The person to whom I spoke was very helpful.
After many prepositions, the formal pattern is preposition + whom, not preposition + who.
The company which she works for is based in London.
The company for which she works is based in London.
When the preposition belongs to the relative clause, it can come before which in formal style.
The topic which we talked was difficult.
The topic about which we talked was difficult.
This is the formal written pattern. In informal speech, the preposition often goes at the end of the clause, but it should not be dropped or attached to the wrong pronoun form.
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