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To be done, and to have been done, after verbs and adjectives.
Why you specifically
Mệnh đề nguyên mẫu bị động là to be + quá khứ phân từ, ví dụ: to be done, to be invited, to be checked. Dùng cấu trúc này sau động từ và tính từ khi chủ ngữ là người/vật nhận hành động, không phải người thực hiện hành động: He wants to be invited = anh ấy muốn được mời; The report needs to be checked = báo cáo cần được kiểm tra; It is important to be considered = điều đó quan trọng để được xem xét. Nếu muốn nói hành động đã xảy ra trước đó, dùng nguyên mẫu bị động hoàn thành: to have been + quá khứ phân từ, như The document seems to have been signed already = tài liệu dường như đã được ký rồi. Trong IELTS, cấu trúc này rất hữu ích vì nó trang trọng và chính xác, thường đi với need, want, hope, ready, likely, important và các động từ/tính từ tương tự.
The rule
The passive infinitive is usually to be + past participle, for example to be done, to be invited, to be checked. Use it after verbs and adjectives when the subject receives the action, not performs it: He wants to be invited, The report needs to be checked, It is important to be considered. If you need to show that the action was completed earlier, use the perfect passive infinitive: to have been + past participle, as in The document seems to have been signed already. In IELTS writing and speaking, this form is useful for formal, precise English, especially with need, want, hope, ready, likely, important, and similar verbs or adjectives.
The trap
The report needs to check before tomorrow.
The report needs to be checked before tomorrow.
After need, the passive infinitive is often used when the subject receives the action.
She is easy to be worked with.
She is easy to work with.
We use the active infinitive after adjectives like easy when we mean someone else does the action toward her.
He wants to invite to the meeting.
He wants to be invited to the meeting.
After verbs like want, the passive infinitive shows that he receives the action.
The document seems to have signed already.
The document seems to have been signed already.
The perfect passive infinitive is used for an action completed before the main verb.
Prove it
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