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Whereas, while, and on the other hand for balanced contrast.
Why you specifically

The rule
Whereas, while, and on the other hand are used to show a balanced contrast. Whereas and while usually connect two contrasting ideas in one sentence, while on the other hand often introduces a contrasting point in a separate sentence or clause.
The trap

My brother likes football, whereas he plays tennis because he enjoys it.
My brother likes football, whereas I prefer tennis.
Whereas is used to contrast two facts in the same sentence. It cannot join a statement with a cause clause in this way.
The city is noisy, while the countryside.
The city is noisy, while the countryside is quiet.
While can link two contrasting clauses. It should not be followed by only one complete idea when you need a full contrast.
The exam was difficult. On the other hand, the course was very interesting because it was easy.
The exam was difficult. On the other hand, the course was very interesting.
On the other hand is used to introduce a contrasting point in a separate sentence or clause. It is not used to mean the same as because.
Whereas she is very strict, her husband is more relaxed.
She is very strict, whereas her husband is more relaxed.
Whereas is used to compare two contrasting qualities or situations. It does not mean although in the middle of one clause.
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